ntoskrnl.exe (the Windows kernel) can cause audio latency when it’s handling too many high-priority tasks or inefficient drivers. It doesn’t directly create sound delays, but it manages system processes, interrupts, and hardware communication. If a driver (like network, GPU, or storage) misbehaves, it increases DPC latency (Deferred Procedure Calls), which delays audio processing. Common causes include outdated drivers, heavy background processes, or power management issues. Fixes usually involve updating drivers, disabling problematic devices, adjusting power settings, or using tools like latency monitors to identify the issue.